LM4040
Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference
General Description
Ideal for space critical applications, the LM4040 precision
voltage reference is available in the sub-miniature (3 mm x
1.3 mm) SOT-23 surface-mount package. The LM4040’s ad-
vanced design eliminates the need for an external stabilizing
capacitor while ensuring stability with any capacitive load,
thus making the LM4040 easy to use. Further reducing de-
sign effort is the availability of several fixed reverse break-
down voltages: 2.500V, 4.096V, 5.000V, 8.192V, and
10.000V. The minimum operating current increases from
60 µA for the LM4040-2.5 to 100 µA for the LM4040-10.0. All
versions have a maximum operating current of 15 mA.
The LM4040 utilizes fuse and zener-zap reverse breakdown
voltage trim during wafer sort to ensure that the prime parts
have an accuracy of better than
±
0.1% (A grade) at 25˚C.
Bandgap reference temperature drift curvature correction
and low dynamic impedance ensure stable reverse break-
down voltage accuracy over a wide range of operating tem-
peratures and currents.
Also available is the LM4041 with two reverse breakdown
voltage versions: adjustable and 1.2V. Please see the
LM4041 data sheet.
Features
n
Small packages: SOT-23, TO-92
n
No output capacitor required
n
Tolerates capacitive loads
n
Fixed reverse breakdown voltages of 2.500V, 4.096V,
5.000V, 8.192V, and 10.000V
Key Specifications (LM4040-2.5)
n
Output voltage tolerance
(A grade, 25˚C)
±
0.1% (max)
n
Low output noise
(10 Hz to 10 kHz)
35 µV
rms
(typ)
n
Wide operating current range
60 µA to 15 mA
n
Industrial temperature range
−40˚C to +85˚C
n
Extended temperature range
−40˚C to +125˚C
n
Low temperature coefficient
100 ppm/˚C (max)
Applications
n
Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment
n
Data Acquisition Systems
n
Instrumentation
n
Process Control
n
Energy Management
n
Product Testing
n
Automotive
n
Precision Audio Components
Connection Diagrams
SOT-23
DS011323-1
*This pin must be left floating or connected to pin 2.
Top View
See NS Package Number M03B
(JEDEC Registration TO-236AB)
TO-92
DS011323-3
Bottom View
See NS Package Number Z03A
September 1998
LM4040
Precision
Micropower
Shunt
V
oltage
Reference
© 1998 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS011323
www.national.com
Ordering Information
Industrial Temperature Range (−40 ˚C to +85 ˚C)
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Tolerance at 25˚C
and Average Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Temperature Coefficient
Package
M3 (SOT-23)
Z (TO-92)
±
0.1%, 100 ppm/˚C max (A grade)
LM4040AIM3-2.5,
LM4040AIZ-2.5,
LM4040AIM3-4.1,
LM4040AIZ-4.1,
LM4040AIM3-5.0,
LM4040AIZ-5.0,
LM4040AIM3-8.2,
LM4040AIZ-8.2,
LM4040AIM3-10.0
LM4040AIZ-10.0
See NS Package
See NS Package
Number M03B
Number Z03A
±
0.2%, 100 ppm/˚C max (B grade)
LM4040BIM3-2.5,
LM4040BIZ-2.5,
LM4040BIM3-4.1,
LM4040BIZ-4.1,
LM4040BIM3-5.0,
LM4040BIZ-5.0,
LM4040BIM3-8.2,
LM4040BIZ-8.2,
LM4040BIM3-10.0
LM4040BIZ-10.0
See NS Package
See NS Package
Number M03B
Number Z03A
±
0.5%, 100 ppm/˚C max (C grade)
LM4040CIM3-2.5,
LM4040CIZ-2.5,
LM4040CIM3-4.1,
LM4040CIZ-4.1,
LM4040CIM3-5.0,
LM4040CIZ-5.0,
LM4040CIM3-8.2,
LM4040CIZ-8.2,
LM4040CIM3-10.0
LM4040CIZ-10.0
See NS Package
See NS Package
Number M03B
Number Z03A
±
1.0%, 150 ppm/˚C max (D grade)
LM4040DIM3-2.5,
LM4040DIZ-2.5,
LM4040DIM3-4.1,
LM4040DIZ-4.1,
LM4040DIM3-5.0,
LM4040DIZ-5.0,
LM4040DIM3-8.2,
LM4040DIZ-10.0,
LM4040DIM3-10.0
See NS Package
See NS Package
Number M03B
Number Z03A
±
2.0%, 150 ppm/˚C max (E grade)
LM4040EIM3-2.5
LM4040EIZ-2.5
See NS Package
See NS Package
Number M03B
Number Z03A
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2
Ordering Information
(Continued)
Extended Temperature Range (−40 ˚C to +125 ˚C)
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Tolerance at 25 ˚C
and Average Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Temperature Coefficient
Package
M3 (SOT-23)
See NS Package
Number M03B
±
0.5%, 100 ppm/˚C max (C grade)
LM4040CEM3-2.5, LM4040CEM3-5.0
±
1.0%, 150 ppm/˚C max (D grade)
LM4040DEM3-2.5, LM4040DEM3-5.0
±
2.0%, 150 ppm/˚C max (E grade)
LM4040EEM3-2.5
SOT-23 Package Marking Information
Only three fields of marking are possible on the SOT-23’s small surface. This table gives the meaning of the three fields.
Part Marking
Field Definition
R2A
First Field:
R4A
R = Reference
R5A
Second Field:
R8A
2 = 2.500V Voltage Option
R0A
4 = 4.096V Voltage Option
R2B
5 = 5.000V Voltage Option
R4B
8 = 8.192V Voltage Option
R5B
0 = 10.000V Voltage Option
R8B
R0B
Third Field:
R2C
A–E = Initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage or Reference Voltage Tolerance
R4C
A =
±
0.1%, B =
±
0.2%, C = +0.5%, D =
±
1.0%, E =
±
2.0%
R5C
R8C
R0C
R2D
R4D
R5D
R8D
R0D
R2E
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3
Absolute Maximum Ratings
(Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Reverse Current
20 mA
Forward Current
10 mA
Power Dissipation (T
A
= 25˚C) (Note 2)
M3 Package
306 mW
Z Package
550 mW
Storage Temperature
−65˚C to +150˚C
Lead Temperature
M3 Package
Vapor phase (60 seconds)
+215˚C
Infrared (15 seconds)
+220˚C
Z Package
Soldering (10 seconds)
+260˚C
ESD Susceptibility
Human Body Model (Note 3)
2 kV
Machine Model (Note 3)
200V
See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect
on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering
surface mount devices.
Operating Ratings
(Notes 1, 2)
Temperature Range
(T
min
≤
T
A
≤
T
max
)
Industrial Temperature Range
−40˚C
≤
T
A
≤
+85˚C
Extended Temperature Range
−40˚C
≤
T
A
≤
+125˚C
Reverse Current
LM4040-2.5
60 µA to 15 mA
LM4040-4.1
68 µA to 15 mA
LM4040-5.0
74 µA to 15 mA
LM4040-8.2
91 µA to 15 mA
LM4040-10.0
100 µA to 15 mA
LM4040-2.5
Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range)
Boldface limits apply for T
A
= T
J
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
; all other limits T
A
= T
J
= 25˚C. The grades A and B designate initial Re-
verse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of
±
0.1% and
±
0.2%, respectively.
Typical
LM4040AIM3
LM4040BIM3
Units
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
(Note 4)
LM4040AIZ
LM4040BIZ
(Limit)
Limits
Limits
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
V
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage
I
R
= 100 µA
2.500
V
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Tolerance (Note 6)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
2.5
±
5.0
mV (max)
±
19
±
21
mV (max)
I
RMIN
Minimum Operating Current
45
µA
60
60
µA (max)
65
65
µA (max)
∆
V
R
/
∆
T
Average Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 6)
I
R
= 10 mA
±
20
ppm/˚C
I
R
= 1 mA
±
15
±
100
±
100
ppm/˚C (max)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
15
ppm/˚C
∆
V
R
/
∆
I
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Change with
Operating Current Change
I
RMIN
≤
I
R
≤
1 mA
0.3
mV
0.8
0.8
mV (max)
1.0
1.0
mV (max)
1 mA
≤
I
R
≤
15 mA
2.5
mV
6.0
6.0
mV (max)
8.0
8.0
mV (max)
Z
R
Reverse Dynamic
Impedance
I
R
= 1 mA, f = 120 Hz,
I
AC
= 0.1 I
R
0.3
Ω
0.8
0.8
Ω
(max)
e
N
Wideband Noise
I
R
= 100 µA
35
µV
rms
10 Hz
≤
f
≤
10 kHz
∆
V
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Long Term Stability
t = 1000 hrs
T = 25˚C
±
0.1˚C
I
R
= 100 µA
120
ppm
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4
LM4040-2.5
Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range)
Boldface limits apply for T
A
= T
J
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
; all other limits T
A
= T
J
= 25˚C. The grades C, D and E designate initial
Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of
±
0.5%,
±
1.0% and
±
2.0%, respectively.
Typical
(Note 4)
LM4040CIM3
LM4040DIM3
LM4040EIZ
Units
(Limit)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
LM4040CIZ
LM4040DIZ
Limits
Limits
Limits
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
V
R
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
I
R
= 100 µA
2.500
V
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Tolerance (Note 6)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
12
±
25
±
50
mV (max)
±
29
±
49
±
74
mV (max)
I
RMIN
Minimum Operating
Current
45
µA
60
65
65
µA (max)
65
70
70
µA (max)
∆
V
R
/
∆
T
Average Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Temperature
Coefficient(Note 6)
I
R
= 10 mA
±
20
ppm/˚C
I
R
= 1 mA
±
15
±
100
±
150
±
150
ppm/˚C
(max)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
15
ppm/˚C
∆
V
R
/
∆
I
R
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Change with
Operating Current
Change
I
RMIN
≤
I
R
≤
1 mA
0.4
mV
0.8
1.0
1.0
mV (max)
1.0
1.2
1.2
mV (max)
1 mA
≤
I
R
≤
15 mA
2.5
mV
6.0
8.0
8.0
mV (max)
8.0
10.0
10.0
mV (max)
Z
R
Reverse Dynamic
Impedance
I
R
= 1 mA, f = 120 Hz
0.3
Ω
I
AC
= 0.1 I
R
0.9
1.1
1.1
Ω
(max)
e
N
Wideband Noise
I
R
= 100 µA
35
µV
rms
10 Hz
≤
f
≤
10 kHz
∆
V
R
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Long Term Stability
t = 1000 hrs
T = 25˚C
±
0.1˚C
120
ppm
I
R
= 100 µA
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5
LM4040-2.5
Electrical Characteristics (Extended Temperature Range)
Boldface limits apply for T
A
= T
J
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
; all other limits T
A
= T
J
= 25˚C. The grades C, D and E designate initial
Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of
±
0.5
, ±1.0% and ±2.0%, respectively.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Typical
LM4040CEM3 LM4040DEM3 LM4040EEM3
Units
Limits
Limits
Limits
(Limit)
(Note 4)
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
V
R
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
I
R
= 100 µA
2.500
V
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Tolerance(Note 6)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
12
±
25
±
50
mV (max)
±
38
±
63
±
88
mV (max)
I
RMIN
Minimum Operating
Current
45
µA
60
60
60
µA (max)
68
73
73
µA (max)
∆
V
R
/
∆
T
Average Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Temperature
Coefficient (Note 6)
I
R
= 10 mA
±
20
ppm/˚C
I
R
= 1 mA
±
15
±
100
±
150
±
150
ppm/˚C (max)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
15
ppm/˚C
∆
V
R
/
∆
I
R
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Change with
Operating Current
Change
I
RMIN
≤
I
R
≤
1 mA
0.3
mV
0.8
1.0
1.0
mV (max)
1.0
1.2
1.2
mV (max)
1 mA
≤
I
R
≤
15 mA
2.5
mV
6.0
8.0
8.0
mV (max)
8.0
10.0
10.0
mV (max)
Z
R
Reverse Dynamic
Impedance
I
R
= 1 mA, f = 120
Hz, I
AC
= 0.1 I
R
0.3
Ω
0.9
1.1
1.1
Ω
(max)
e
N
Wideband Noise
I
R
= 100 µA
35
µV
rms
10 Hz
≤
f
≤
10 kHz
∆
V
R
Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Long Term Stability
t = 1000 hrs
T = 25˚C
±
0.1˚C
I
R
= 100 µA
120
ppm
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6
LM4040-4.1
Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range)
Boldface limits apply for T
A
= T
J
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
; all other limits T
A
= T
J
= 25˚C. The grades A and B designate initial Re-
verse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of
±
0.1% and
±
0.2%, respectively.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Typical
(Note 4)
Units
(Limit)
LM4040AIM3
LM4040BIM3
LM4040AIZ
LM4040BIZ
Limits
Limits
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
V
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage
I
R
= 100 µA
4.096
V
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Tolerance (Note 6)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
4.1
±
8.2
mV (max)
±
31
±
35
mV (max)
I
RMIN
Minimum Operating Current
50
µA
68
68
µA (max)
73
73
µA (max)
∆
V
R
/
∆
T
Average Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Temperature
Coefficient(Note 6)
I
R
= 10 mA
±
30
ppm/˚C
I
R
= 1 mA
±
20
±
100
±
100
ppm/˚C (max)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
20
ppm/˚C
∆
V
R
/
∆
I
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Change with
Operating Current Change
I
RMIN
≤
I
R
≤
1 mA
0.5
mV
0.9
0.9
mV (max)
1.2
1.2
mV (max)
1 mA
≤
I
R
≤
15 mA
3.0
mV
7.0
7.0
mV (max)
10.0
10.0
mV (max)
Z
R
Reverse Dynamic
Impedance
I
R
= 1 mA, f = 120 Hz,
0.5
Ω
I
AC
= 0.1 I
R
1.0
1.0
Ω
(max)
e
N
Wideband Noise
I
R
= 100 µA
80
µV
rms
10 Hz
≤
f
≤
10 kHz
∆
V
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Long Term Stability
t = 1000 hrs
T = 25˚C
±
0.1˚C
I
R
= 100 µA
120
ppm
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7
LM4040-4.1
Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range)
Boldface limits apply for T
A
= T
J
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
; all other limits T
A
= T
J
= 25˚C. The grades C and D designate initial Re-
verse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of
±
0.5% and
±
1.0%, respectively.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Typical
(Note 4)
Units
(Limit)
LM4040CIM3
LM4040DIM3
LM4040CIZ
LM4040DIZ
Limits
Limits
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
V
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage
I
R
= 100 µA
4.096
V
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Tolerance (Note 6)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
20
±
41
mV (max)
±
47
±
81
mV (max)
I
RMIN
Minimum Operating Current
50
µA
68
73
µA (max)
73
78
µA (max)
∆
V
R
/
∆
T
Average Reverse
Breakdown Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 6)
I
R
= 10 mA
±
30
ppm/˚C
I
R
= 1 mA
±
20
±
100
±
150
ppm/˚C (max)
I
R
= 100 µA
±
20
ppm/˚C
∆
V
R
/
∆
I
R
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Change with
Operating Current Change
I
RMIN
≤
I
R
≤
1 mA
0.5
mV
0.9
1.2
mV (max)